Hypnotism: Its History, Practice and Theory

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a law making hypnotization legal only for doctors, and then only when at least two are present. It would be difficult to carry out such regulations: to begin with, the exact limitation of the idea "hypnosis" is still a matter of dispute, and then again, as Preyer thought, other difficulties would be raised by the fact that many people can hypnotize themselves.
All experts—medical men, psychologists, lawyers (Drucker, Lilienthal, Liegeois, etc.)—agree that difficulties should not be thrown in the way of the use of hypnosis by doctors for therapeutic purposes. This is recognized in the law that was passed in Belgium at the special instigation of the Minister of Justice, Le Jeune. It certainly does not restrict the per-mission to hypnotize to doctors. The original draught contained a paragraph according to which the hypnotizing of minors and the insane was only to be entrusted to physicians. When this question came to be discussed Merveille expressed

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the opinion that the courts might wink at an evasion of the law should a layman hypnotize such a patient at the latter's request. Finally, on the motion of Soupart, it was agreed that by special authorization an exception might be made in favour of those who were not physicians. The first exception made—it was in favour of Astere Denis—certainly raised a storm of indignation in the Belgian Academy of Medicine, Brasseur having described the authorization in a pamphlet as state support of Charlatanism.
Public exhibitions of hypnotism are, however, forbidden by law in Belgium. In other ways also the representatives of science have generally opposed such exhibitions. They ought to be prohibited on both moral and hygienic grounds. It is perfectly true that at one time such public exhibitions served to draw the attention of scientists to hypnotism, but nowadays they are more calculated to repel people from the scientific study of that question, since they degrade hypnosis into an object of vulgar curiosity, instead of elevating it to one of research. For this reason alone it is a good thing that the Prussian Government, acting on the advice of the members of the Scientific Committee on Medical Affairs, permanently suppressed public exhibitions of hypnosis in 1881. Unfortunately, hypnotizers know of many ways in which they could evade the law. Since it was only public exhibitions that were prohibited they removed their entertainments to the premises of private societies to which members and their guests have free access. Now, if such a society is only used to screen an evasion of the law, the authorities would have as much right to interfere with a prohibited exhibition on its premises as if the performance were publicly advertised. It is difficult to understand why the authorities do not make requisite use of the power entrusted to them.

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