Hypnotism: Its History, Practice and Theory

 

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Nancy. Certainly the address was not at all favourably received, and two men, who were obviously only acquainted with Charcot's investigation and not with those of the Nancy school, opposed me. Ewald objected altogether to such a method of treatment being designated medical, and Mendel attacked hypnosis on account of its manifold dangers. As a natural consequence an exaggerated mistrust of hypnosis was engendered, and only gave way when a more objective conception of the question made itself felt. This occurred when Fore], who had been giving instruction in hypnosis in Switzerland in connection with the Nancy school, insisted on the importance of the subject, and at the same time especially denounced the manner in which Ewald and Mendel sought to settle the question.
A really stirring activity now set in in Germany also. The importance of suggestion for hypnosis was recognized; and many physicians, following the example of the Nancy schcol, commenced therapeutic experiments with hypnosis in Germany. Among them may be named Sperling, Nonne, Michael, Hess. I must further especially mention Schrenck-Notzing, who was one of the very first pronounced advocates for the therapeutical application of hypnosis; also Hosslin and Baierlacher, who discovered the reaction of degeneration, but who unfortunately died shortly after turning his attention to hypnotism. Among those who, in Germany, either employed or recommended the therapeutical application of suggestion may also be mentioned Corval, Schuster, Hirt, Ad. Barth, Briigelmann, Hecker, Max Hirsch, Scholz,Gerster, Stein, Seif, Tatzel, Stadelmann, Placzek, Gumpertz, Delius, Steiner, Schutze, Herzberg, Sji stri m, Steg-

24 HYPNOTISM.

ttiann. We must also remember Lcewenfeld, on account of his various contributions to the therapeutical side of hypnosis and kindred questions, as well as for his detailed treatise on hypnotism. I must here mention several other Berlin physicians who, by their individual investigations, furthered the therapeutical side of the question, and by so doing were able to illuminate the broader domain of psychology and psychotherapy—for example, Vogt and Hirschlaff. The former, aided by several of his pupils, notably Brodmann, essentially improved the technique of medical hypnotism. Others to be named are Georg Flatau, of Berlin; Georg Wanke, of Friedrich-rods; Hilget, of Magdeburg; and Dolken, of Marburg.

We find, likewise, a number of physicians in Austro-Hungary active in the same field. Here Obersteiner continued his earlier investigations, but special mention must be made of Krafft-Ebing and his pupil Alfred Fuchs, who, like Schrenck-Notzing, laid stress on the importance of hypnotic suggestion in the treatment of cases

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